1、 by+交通工具。
表示憑藉、乘坐某種交通工具,在句中作方式狀語。如:by car, by plane, by bike 等。
eg. She went to Beijing by air.
2、 by +doing sth.
意爲"透過做某事”,表示方式、方法、手段等,在句中做方式狀語。
【經典考題】
You can improve your English ___B___practicing more.
A. by B. with C. of D. in
注意: 對by引導的介詞短語作方式狀語, 提問時用how。
—— How do you study for a test
—— By listeningto tapes.
3、 (表示位置)在……近旁 在身邊 靠近。
eg. On a cold evening,It is pleasant to sit bythe fire.
4、 (表示時間)不遲於,在什麼之前。
eg. Be here by four o'clock. (4:00之前到這兒。)
【經典考題】
How many English songs had you learned___A___ the end of last term?
A. by B. with C. at D. in
解析: by the end of last term, 譯爲”到上個學期末“。
5、 表示方向,從……中經過。
eg. They came in bythe back door. ( 他們是從後門進來的。)
6、 做介詞, 譯爲“經過”。
eg. He walked by me without speaking. (他走過我的身邊,沒有說話。)
7、 用在反身代詞之前,譯爲“獨自”。
eg. Sarah couldn't move the heavy box by herself.。
8、 表示動作的執行者,用於被動語態,譯爲:”被,由“。
eg. The glasses are usedby us.
9、 表示“根據“,“按照”的意思。
eg. What time is it by your watch? (你的表幾點了?)
10、 和take,hold等動詞連用,說明接觸身體的某一部分。
eg.I took him by the hand。(我拉住了他的手。)
11、(乘或除)以。
4 divided by 2 is 2. (4除以2等於2)。
12、 表示幅度。
Violent crime has increased by10 percent since last year.( 暴力犯罪自去年以來增加了10%。)
13、以…計按…計。
Billing isby the minute. (以分鐘計賬。)
14、 用於一些固定短語中, 如:
by the way 順便問one by one 一個接一個的step by step 一步步地day by day 一天接一天地by accident 偶然地…